Plural of Dwarf

The Plural of Dwarf

The plural of "dwarf" is "dwarfs" or "dwarves."

• In mythology, dwarfs are often also described as short and ugly.
• Dwarves in folklore are usually described as old men with long beards.

The noun "dwarf" adheres to the standard rules for forming the plurals of nouns in English (shown in the table below).

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The Standard Rules for Forming the Plurals

The table below shows the standard rules for forming the plurals of nouns in English.

Type	Example of Type	Forming the Plural	Plural
Most Nouns	lamp scythe	add s	lamps scythes
Noun Ending s, sh, ch, x or z	bus dress	add es	buses dresses
Nouns ending [consonant] o	hero zero tomato	add either s or es (There are no rules for this - you have to know.)	heroes zeros tomatoes
Nouns ending [vowel] o	patio ratio	add s	patios ratios
Nouns ending [consonant] y	story penny	change the y to an i and add es	stories pennies
Nouns ending [vowel] y	storey () donkey	add s	storeys donkeys
Nouns ending f or fe	loaf dwarf	ves and/or s (There are no rules - you have to know.)	loaves dwarfs or dwarves
Exceptions	man louse	some nouns undergo a vowel or letters change	men lice
More exceptions	salmon sheep	some nouns do not change at all	salmon sheep

Read more about English spelling rules.

Why Is There Confusion over the Plural of Dwarf?

There is confusion because the rule for forming plurals with nouns ending in "f" or "fe" isn't straightforward. Most nouns will drop the "f" or "fe" and gain a "ves." For example:

• "Knife" becomes "knives."
• "Wolf" becomes "wolves."

Some just add s. For example:

• "Safe" becomes "safes."
• "Cliff" becomes "cliffs."

With some words, both versions are accepted. For example:

• "Scarf" becomes "scarfs" or "scarves."
• "Hoof" becomes "hoofs" or "hooves."

The plural of "dwarf" can be either "dwarfs" or "dwarves." Unfortunately, there is no clever way of knowing which nouns ending "f" or "fe" follow which rules. You have to know.

Though "dwarfs" and "dwarves" are both accepted plurals, "dwarfs" is the more common of the two. (See the difference in Google's Ngram Viewer.)