when to use an and a - articles

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AN / A
 

Use 'an' if the next word starts with a vowel sound. If it does not, then use 'a'.
 


Using A and An

There is sometimes confusion about whether to use 'an' or 'a' (particularly with abbreviations). The sound of a word's first letter determines which to use. If the word starts with a vowel sound, you should use 'an'. If it starts with a consonant sound, you should use 'a'.

Examples:

Buy a house in an hour.
(Although 'house' and 'hour' start with the same three letters (hou),
one attracts 'a' and the other 'an'.)

An unknown goblin killed a unicorn.

An LRS...
(LRS - Linear Recursive Sequence)

A TT race...  
(TT - Tourist Trophy)

It would be a honour.
('honour' - starts with an o sound)

Send an US ambassador.
('US' - starts with a y sound)

She was involved in a RTA.
('RTA' - Road Traffic Accident)
 
Click on 'an' or 'a':



 
 
WATCH OUT FOR THESE 

Abbreviations that start with the consonants F, H, L, M, N, R, S and X attract an, because they start with vowel sounds.

An FRS representative will be
present.  
(FRS - Fellow of the Royal Society)
A LF transmitter was found in the basement.
(LF - Low Frequency)
 
WATCH OUT FOR U 

Abbreviations that start with the vowel U attract a, because U starts with the consonant sound 'y'.

A US ship spotted a U-boat.
An UFO landed in 1967.  
 
TREAT ACRONYMS LIKE WORDS NOT ABBREVIATIONS 

An acronym is an abbreviation that is spoken like a word, e.g., BUPA, FOD, FEDEX. Therefore, as the first sound of FEDEX is 'f', use a and not an.

Tim worked in the air industry as a FOD inspector for a year.  
(FOD - Foreign Object Damage)
Jack was a FEDEX courier.
AN HISTORICAL OR A HISTORICAL

Letters and sounds do not always correlate in English.

When pronouncing the words 'historic' and 'historical', the accent falls on the second syllable, and many pronounce them as starting with a vowel. For those people, it is appropriate to use 'an' before 'historic' and 'historical'. Therefore, you have a choice depending on what sounds best for you. There is a lot of leniency on this issue. If you're still unsure, opt for 'a historical' and 'a historic' as these remain preferable - especially in formal writing.
Associated lessons:
 
Types of adjectives?  
 

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