can and may - the difference

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CAN / MAY

Use 'may' for permission. Use 'can' for ability.

There is often confusion over the words 'can' and 'may'.

Can

The word 'can' is used to denote ability.

I can swim.

(I have the ability to swim.)

Can he lift 150 kgs?

(Does he have the ability to lift 150 kgs?)

May

The word 'may' is used to denote permission.

You may swim in this river.

(You are allowed to swim in this river.)

May I have a biscuit?

(Am I permitted to have a biscuit?)

Can for Permission (Informal Setting)

These days, however, the word 'can' is used for both ability and permission, particularly in an informal setting.

You can swim in this river.

(You are allowed to swim in this river.)

Can I have a biscuit?

(Am I permitted to have a biscuit?)

Always May for Permission in a Formal Setting

In a formal setting or in polite company, you should use 'may' to denote permission.

May I leave the table?

(Am I permitted to leave the table?)

Select the correct version:

AUXILIARY VERBS

'Can' is an auxiliary verb meaning 'to be able to'. 'May' is an auxiliary verb meaning 'to be permitted to'.

"Can I go outside, grandma?"

"You can. You're just not allowed."

Associated lessons:

What are auxiliary verbs?
What are verbs?
List of easily confused words